Year 2022, Volume 6 - Issue 8

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is frequently applied in mandibular dental procedures. Neurological complications develop very rarely due to IANB, and most of the complications are temporary. Case Presentation: We present a 79-year-old man with partial Horner's syndrome, hyperlacrimation, aphonia, dysphagia, severe cough, and foreign body sensation in the throat after IANB. All symptoms disappeared 3 hours after local anesthetic injection. Conclusion: It was aimed to investigate the underlying pathophysiological causes of complications together with clinical and anatomical data. Neuronal blockade of the carotid plexus, nervus laryngeus superior and inferior can develop after IANB. In addition, it is critical to accurately determine the IANB injection site in obese and thick-short neck patients.

Background: Lipoma is a common benign mesenchymal tumor that is typically located in the subcutaneous tissue and rarely symptomatic. Sciatica can be a result of various etiologies but a giant intramuscular pelvic lipoma causing sciatic nerve compression is rare, with not more than 10 cases reported so far in the literature. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 36-year-old female who presented with a complaint of gradually worsening sciatica for 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large well-defined intramuscular dumbbell-shaped mass in the right gluteal region, herniating through the sciatic foramen into the pelvis. After successful resection of the mass transabdominally, the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a benign lipoma. The patient improved gradually thereafter and is asymptomatic since then. Conclusion: Our case not only describes the appropriate diagnosis and surgical management of this common benign entity with a rare location and even rarer clinical presentation but also creates a paradigm for future insight into the effective management of such a patient.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a noncaseating granulomatous disease that affects multiple systems, including the skin. Treatment for cutaneous sarcoidosis is varied and mostly based on anecdotal knowledge from the literature. The commonest treatment for cutaneous sarcoidosis involves topical, intralesional, and/or systemic corticosteroids. Other treatments, including retinoids, have been trialed with varying response. Case presentation: A 71-year-old female had been diagnosed with cutaneous sarcoidosis when she was 59 years old. She was initially treated with corticosteroids, followed by methotrexate until the age of 68 years, at which point she was switched to acitretin due to failure of resolution on the previous treatment. The patient's condition improved dramatically within 8 months of treatment. Conclusion: A literature review identified eight other cases of cutaneous sarcoidosis treated with retinoids (isotretinoin in six cases and etretinate in two cases). Of these cases, only one responded unfavorably, whereas resolution was seen within 8 months in the other seven cases, similar to our case. This suggests that retinoids may be a potential treatment option for cutaneous sarcoidosis, possibly owing to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.

Background: Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) is an unusually rare vascular complication following laparoscopic procedures with a few yet gradually increasing incidences. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 63-year-old male with distal right HAP-mediated massive gastrointestinal bleeding after a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy. He was treated successfully with selective endovascular coil embolization and percutaneous thrombin administration. Conclusion: The risk of rupture and bleeding from HAP can be a potentially life-threatening scenario and needs prompt diagnosis with emergent intervention. The documentation of this case may be useful for practicing surgeons to be cautious about the possibility of pseudoaneurysmal changes during the post-operative period.

Background: Hematidrosis is an extremely rare condition in which the patient spontaneously starts sweating blood. Even though, this disease has existed for many centuries, due to its rarity and perceived religious connection made little progress in correctly evaluating its pathogenesis. Therefore, rather than getting the medical and emotional help these cases need, such cases often end up at the doorsteps of shamans, especially in developing countries. Case Presentation: Here, we describe a case of hematidrosis and its clinical presentation and treatment outcome. A 10-yearold female patient presented with complaints of episodic bleeding from the skin, predominantly from the trunk, oral cavity, and forehead. Blood investigations, including coagulation profile, platelet antigen study, etc. were completely normal. The patient was treated with propranolol and atropine transdermal patches, which showed improvement in her condition, and the bleeding eventually stopped. Conclusion: Standardized diagnostic and management criteria is needed to be developed for treating such patients better. Reporting such cases of hematidrosis and discussing them will eventually make disease management more uniform and bring more patient awareness to this frightening disease.