Background: Biphasic pulmonary blastoma (BPB) is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy of the lung. Herein, we report a recurrent BPB in a young patient. Case Presentation: A 26-year-old female patient presented with respiratory distress and cough. Radiological workup illustrated well-circumscribed mass lesion (size ~ 6 cm) in the lateral basal segment of the lower lobe of the right lung, for which the patient underwent lobectomy. Histopathology revealed BPB. The patient was kept on close follow-up without any oncological intervention and remained disease-free for 3 years. Afterward, the patient presented with recurrent disease (i.e., a pulmonary oval nodule of size ~ 1.4 ×1.2 cm) and metastasis in the right renal region with infiltration into the right T12-LV1 and LV2 vertebrae. The patient was given three courses of multi-agent chemotherapy (i.e., ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide), which resolved the pulmonary lesion only. Conclusion: Ultimately, our study indicates that BPB is an aggressive disease and demands multimodality treatment toward favorable prognosis.s.

Keywords: Biphasic pulmonary blastoma, chemotherapy, ICE, lobectomy, case report