Case Report

Volume: 4 | Issue: 1 | Published: Feb 06, 2020 | Pages: 25 - 28 | DOI: 10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction


Authors: Bhargavan Pallivalappil , Ummer Karadan , Jayakrishnan Chellenton , Robin George Manappallil


Article Info

Authors

Bhargavan Pallivalappil

Senior Consultant, Department of Internal Medicine, Baby Memorial Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India

Ummer Karadan

Senior Consultant, Department of Neurology, Baby Memorial Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India

Jayakrishnan Chellenton

Consultant, Department of Neurology, Baby Memorial Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India

Robin George Manappallil

Consultant, Department of Internal Medicine, Baby Memorial Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India

Publication History

Received: June 17, 2019

Revised: December 13, 2019

Accepted: February 01, 2020

Published: February 06, 2020


Abstract


Background: The Nipah virus (NiV), known to exist in various fruit bats, is associated with one of the deadliest infections affecting human beings. The virus has caused outbreaks in Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Bangladesh, and the West Bengal state of India. Pigs were the intermediate hosts during the Malaysian and Singaporean outbreaks and horses in Philippines; while the Indian and Bangladesh outbreaks saw a bat to human followed by human-to-human transmission. The infection is characterized by rapidly progressive encephalitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, carrying a very high mortality rate. Case Presentation: We present the case of a middle-aged male who presented with fever, vomiting and loose stools, and throat pain. His initial blood investigations were normal. He later developed diplopia, cerebellar symptoms, and segmental sweating. His blood, urine, and throat swab tested positive for NiV. He was started on antivirals but succumbed to death. Conclusion: NiV infection, in humans, presents with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory infection and fatal encephalitis. It is transmitted to humans from animals, such as bats or pigs, or contaminated foods. This was our first experience with NiV; and probably one of the first reported cases from our region. Our experience showed the occurrence of cerebellar symptoms in NiV infection.

Keywords: Nipah virus, Paramyxoviridae, encephalitis, cerebellar dysfunction, acute respiratory distress syndrome, ribavirin, green


Pubmed Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil. Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction. EJMCR. 2020; 06 (February 2020): 25-28. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

Web Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil. Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction. https://ejmcr.com/articles/1465 [Access: December 25, 2024]. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil. Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction. EJMCR. 2020; 06 (February 2020): 25-28. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil. Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction. EJMCR. (2020), [cited December 25, 2024]; 06 (February 2020): 25-28. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

Harvard Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil (2020) Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction. EJMCR, 06 (February 2020): 25-28. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

Chicago Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil. "Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction." 06 (2020), 25-28. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil. "Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction." 06.February 2020 (2020), 25-28. Print. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Bhargavan Pallivalappil, Ummer Karadan, Jayakrishnan Chellenton, Robin George Manappallil (2020) Nipah virus infection with cerebellar dysfunction. , 06 (February 2020), 25-28. doi:10.24911/ejmcr/173-1560779512