A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Andrew Richardson, Claire Vincent
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is becoming more prevalent worldwide and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are being increasingly used in its management. However, they have been associated with the serious complication of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA). Case Presentation: A 51-year-old female on canagliflozin for T2DM presented with a 2-week history of vomiting and abdominal pain. With a blood glucose of 9.0 mmol/l, a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis was at first overlooked and the patient was initially managed for pyelonephritis. However, a diagnosis of EDKA was subsequently reached on day 3 after a blood gas revealed a high anion gap metabolic acidosis with ketones of 3.9 mmol/l. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the diagnostic challenge posed by the atypical presentation of SGLT2 inhibitor-associated EDKA. Furthermore, it underlines the need for patient education concerning stopping these medications during illness and highlights how their association with urinary tract infections may further increase the risk of EDKA.
Keywords: Case report; diabetes; SGLT2 inhibitors; euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis; medication related complication
Authors
Correspondence to:
Andrew Richardson, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, NHS Highland, Scotland andrew.richardson4@nhs.scot
Publication history:
Received 31 May 2021
Revised 02 Sep 2021
Accepted 08 Sep 2021
Published in print 13 Feb 2022
Richardson A, Vincent C. A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. EJMCR. 2022; 6(1): 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson A, Vincent C. A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. https://www.ejmcr.com/?mno=84107 [Access: May 01, 2024]. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson A, Vincent C. A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. EJMCR. 2022; 6(1): 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson A, Vincent C. A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. EJMCR. (2022), [cited May 01, 2024]; 6(1): 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson, A. & Vincent, . C. (2022) A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. EJMCR, 6 (1), 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson, Andrew, and Claire Vincent. 2022. A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. European Journal of Medical Case Reports, 6 (1), 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson, Andrew, and Claire Vincent. "A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge." European Journal of Medical Case Reports 6 (2022), 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson, Andrew, and Claire Vincent. "A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge." European Journal of Medical Case Reports 6.1 (2022), 11-16. Print. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632
Richardson, A. & Vincent, . C. (2022) A case report of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic challenge. European Journal of Medical Case Reports, 6 (1), 11-16. doi:
10.24911/ejmcr/173-1622061632