Authors: Dr. Avitso Liegise , Ms. Lanu Naro , Ms. Pouveine David , Ms. Gailuna Maringmei , Dr. Krosakhol Pucho

Abstract

Background: Ginseng has been used as a traditional medicinal herb for thousands of years. It is used for the treatment of various ailments, including gastrointestinal disturbances, metabolic disorders like diabetes mellitus, and even cancer. However, indiscriminate use can lead to serious cardiac emergencies, as observed in a case of life-threatening ventricular tachycardia that developed after consuming ginseng for several days.

Case Presentation: A 38-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department (ED) with sudden-onset palpitations and recurrent episodes of syncope. On arrival, her ECG indicated an irregular rhythm marked by premature ventricular complexes that escalated into pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), necessitating defibrillation. Subsequent electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed a significantly prolonged QT interval. Treatment was initiated with intravenous magnesium and potassium (serum potassium 3 mmol/L), along with an oral beta-blocker (Metoprolol succinate 25 mg once daily). These interventions successfully prevented further VT episodes. It was later revealed that she had been taking ginseng regularly for the treatment of haemorrhoids. 

Conclusion: The consumption of ginseng can have potentially life-threatening consequences. Raising awareness about the potential adverse effects of indiscriminate use is crucial. Medical professionals should enquire about the use of herbal supplements in patients presenting with unexplained cardiac arrhythmias.

Keywords: Long QT; ventricular tachycardia; ginseng